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| Economy - overview | Like many other South Pacific island nations, the Cook Islands' economic development is hindered by the isolation of the country from foreign markets, the limited size of domestic markets, lack of natural resources, periodic devastation from natural disasters, and inadequate infrastructure. Agriculture, employing about one-third of the working population, provides the economic base with major exports made up of copra and citrus fruit. Black pearls are the Cook Islands' leading export. Manufacturing activities are limited to fruit processing, clothing, and handicrafts. Trade deficits are offset by remittances from emigrants and by foreign aid, overwhelmingly from New Zealand. In the 1980s and 1990s, the country lived beyond its means, maintaining a bloated public service and accumulating a large foreign debt. Subsequent reforms, including the sale of state assets, the strengthening of economic management, the encouragement of tourism, and a debt restructuring agreement, have rekindled investment and growth. | | | GDP - real growth rate | 0.1% (2005 est.) | | | GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 15.1%
industry: 9.6%
services: 75.3% (2004) | | | Population below poverty line | NA% | | Household income or consumption
by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% | | | Labor force | 6,820 (2001) | | | Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 29%
industry: 15%
services: 56% (1995) | | | Unemployment rate | 13.1% (2005) | | | Budget | revenues: $70.95 million
expenditures: $69.05 million; including capital expenditures of $5.744 million (FY05/06) | | | Industries | fruit processing, tourism, fishing, clothing, handicrafts | | | Industrial production growth rate | 1% (2002) | | Electricity -
production | 28 million kWh (2004) | | Electricity -
production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (2001) | | Electricity -
consumption | 26.04 million kWh (2004 est.) | | Electricity -
exports | 0 kWh (2004) | | Electricity -
imports | 0 kWh (2004) | | | Oil - production | 0 bbl/day (2004) | | | Oil - consumption | 420 bbl/day (2004 est.) | | | Oil - exports | NA bbl/day | | | Oil - imports | NA bbl/day | | | Agriculture - products | copra, citrus, pineapples, tomatoes, beans, pawpaws, bananas, yams, taro, coffee; pigs, poultry | | | Exports | $5.222 million (2005) | | | Exports - commodities | copra, papayas, fresh and canned citrus fruit, coffee; fish; pearls and pearl shells; clothing | | | Exports - partners | Australia 34%, Japan 27%, NZ 25%, US 8% (2004) | | | Imports | $81.04 million (2005) | | | Imports - commodities | foodstuffs, textiles, fuels, timber, capital goods | | | Imports - partners | NZ 61%, Fiji 19%, US 9%, Australia 6%, Japan 2% (2004) | | | Debt - external | $141 million (1996 est.) | | | Economic aid - recipient | $13.1 million; note - New Zealand continues to furnish the greater part (1995) | | | Currency code | NZD | | | Exchange rates | NZ dollars per US dollar - 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002) | | | Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | |
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