| Location | Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, between Oman and Saudi Arabia |
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| Geographic coordinates | 24 00 N, 54 00 E |
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| Zone | Middle East |
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| Area | total: 83,600 sq km
land: 83,600 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
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| Land boundaries | total: 867 km
border countries: Oman 410 km, Saudi Arabia 457 km |
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| Coastline | 1,318 km |
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| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin |
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| Climate | desert; cooler in eastern mountains |
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| Terrain | flat, barren coastal plain merging into rolling sand dunes of vast desert wasteland; mountains in east |
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| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Jabal Yibir 1,527 m |
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| Natural resources | petroleum, natural gas |
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| Irrigated land | 1,318 km |
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| Natural hazards | frequent sand and dust storms |
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Environment -
current issues | lack of natural freshwater resources compensated by desalination plants; desertification; beach pollution from oil spills |
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Environment -
international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
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| Geography - note | strategic location along southern approaches to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil |
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