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| Location | Central Europe, southeast of Germany | | | Geographic coordinates | 49 45 N, 15 30 E | | | Zone | Europe | | | Area | total: 78,866 sq km
land: 77,276 sq km
water: 1,590 sq km | | | Land boundaries | total: 2,290.2 km
border countries: Austria 466.3 km, Germany 810.3 km, Poland 761.8 km, Slovakia 251.8 km | | | Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | | | Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | | | Climate | temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters | | | Terrain | Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country | | | Elevation extremes | lowest point: Elbe River 115 m
highest point: Snezka 1,602 m | | | Natural resources | hard coal, soft coal, kaolin, clay, graphite, timber | | | Irrigated land | 0 km (landlocked) | | | Natural hazards | flooding | | Environment -
current issues | air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests; efforts to bring industry up to EU code should improve domestic pollution | | Environment -
international agreements | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | | Geography - note | landlocked; strategically located astride some of oldest and most significant land routes in Europe; Moravian Gate is a traditional military corridor between the North European Plain and the Danube in central Europe | |
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