| Economy - overview | Lagging behind its Balkan neighbors, Albania is making the difficult transition to a more modern open-market economy. The government has taken measures to curb violent crime and reduce the large gray economy. The economy is bolstered by annual remittances from abroad of $600-$800 million, mostly from Albanians residing in Greece and Italy; this helps offset the towering trade deficit. Agriculture, which accounts for about one-quarter of GDP, is held back because of lack of modern equipment, unclear property rights, and the prevalence of small, inefficient plots of land. Energy shortages and antiquated and inadequate infrastructure contribute to Albania's poor business environment, which make it difficult to attract and sustain foreign investment. The planned construction of a new thermal power plant near Vlore and improved transmission and distribution facilities eventually will help relieve the energy shortages. Also, the government is moving slowly to improve the poor national road and rail network, a long-standing barrier to sustained economic growth. On the positive side, growth was strong in 2003-06 and inflation is low and stable. |
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| GDP | 1.49% (2005 est.) |
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| GDP - real growth rate | 5% (2006 est.) |
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| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 23.3%
industry: 18.8%
services: 57.9% (2006 est.) |
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| Population below poverty line | 25% (2004 est.) |
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Household income or consumption
by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
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Distribution of family income
- Gini index | 26.7 (2005) |
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| Labor force | 1.09 million (not including 352,000 emigrant workers) (September 2006 est.) |
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| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 58%
industry: 15%
services: 27% (September 2006 est.) |
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| Unemployment rate | 13.8% official rate, but may exceed 30% due to preponderance of near-subsistence farming (September 2006 est.) |
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| Budget | revenues: $2.608 billion
expenditures: $3.1 billion; including capital expenditures of $710 million (2007 est.) |
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| Industries | food processing, textiles and clothing; lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower |
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| Industrial production growth rate | 3.4% (2005 est.) |
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Electricity -
production | 5.451 billion kWh (2005) |
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Electricity -
production by source | fossil fuel: 2.9%
hydro: 97.1%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (2001) |
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Electricity -
consumption | 3.53 billion kWh (2005) |
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Electricity -
exports | 729 million kWh (2005) |
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Electricity -
imports | 385 million kWh (2005) |
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| Oil - production | 3,600 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
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| Oil - consumption | 25,200 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
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| Oil - exports | 0 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
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| Oil - imports | 21,600 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
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| Oil - proved reserves | 185.5 million bbl (1 January 2002) |
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| Agriculture - products | wheat, corn, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, sugar beets, grapes; meat, dairy products |
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| Exports | $763.2 million f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
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| Exports - commodities | textiles and footwear; asphalt, metals and metallic ores, crude oil; vegetables, fruits, tobacco |
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| Exports - partners | Italy 72.4%, Greece 10.5%, Serbia and Montenegro 5% (2005) |
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| Imports | $2.901 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
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| Imports - commodities | machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, textiles, chemicals |
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| Imports - partners | Italy 29.3%, Greece 16.4%, Turkey 7.5%, China 6.6%, Germany 5.4%, Russia 4% (2005) |
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| Debt - external | $1.55 billion (2004) |
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| Economic aid - recipient | ODA: $366 million
note: top donors were Italy, EU, Germany (2003 est.) |
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| Currency code | ALL |
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| Exchange rates | leke per US dollar - 98.384 (2006), 102.649 (2005), 102.78 (2004), 121.863 (2003), 140.155 (2002) |
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| Fiscal year | calendar year |
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