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| Location | Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean | | | Geographic coordinates | 5 00 S, 120 00 E | | | Zone | Asia | | | Area | total: 1,919,440 sq km
land: 1,826,440 sq km
water: 93,000 sq km | | | Land boundaries | total: 2,830 km
border countries: East Timor 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km | | | Coastline | 54,716 km | | | Maritime claims | measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm | | | Climate | tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands | | | Terrain | mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains | | | Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m | | | Natural resources | petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver | | | Irrigated land | 54,716 km | | | Natural hazards | occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires | | Environment -
current issues | deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires | | Environment -
international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | | Geography - note | archipelago of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean | |
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