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| Location | Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique | | | Geographic coordinates | 6 00 S, 35 00 E | | | Zone | Africa | | | Area | total: 945,087 sq km
land: 886,037 sq km
water: 59,050 sq km
note: includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar | | | Land boundaries | total: 3,861 km
border countries: Burundi 451 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 459 km, Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756 km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km | | | Coastline | 1,424 km | | | Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm | | | Climate | varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands | | | Terrain | plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south | | | Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Kilimanjaro 5,895 m | | | Natural resources | hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel | | | Irrigated land | 1,424 km | | | Natural hazards | flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought | | Environment -
current issues | soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture; wildlife threatened by illegal hunting and trade, especially for ivory | | Environment -
international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | | Geography - note | Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa; bordered by three of the largest lakes on the continent: Lake Victoria (the world's second-largest freshwater lake) in the north, Lake Tanganyika (the world's second deepest) in the west, and Lake Nyasa in the southwest | |
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