| Location | Western Africa, islands in the Gulf of Guinea, straddling the Equator, west of Gabon |
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| Geographic coordinates | 1 00 N, 7 00 E |
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| Zone | Africa |
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| Area | total: 1,001 sq km
land: 1,001 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
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| Land boundaries | 0 km |
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| Coastline | 209 km |
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| Maritime claims | measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
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| Climate | tropical; hot, humid; one rainy season (October to May) |
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| Terrain | volcanic, mountainous |
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| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pico de Sao Tome 2,024 m |
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| Natural resources | fish, hydropower |
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| Irrigated land | 209 km |
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| Natural hazards | NA |
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Environment -
current issues | deforestation; soil erosion and exhaustion |
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Environment -
international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
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| Geography - note | the smallest country in Africa; the two main islands form part of a chain of extinct volcanoes and both are fairly mountainous |
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