Mali
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CountryMali
Flag
Capitalname: Bamako
geographic coordinates: 12 39 N, 8 00 W
time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Population11,995,402 (July 2007 est.)
GMTGMT
LocationWestern Africa, southwest of Algeria

see map
Areatotal: 1.24 million sq km
land: 1.22 million sq km
water: 20,000 sq km
Ethnic groupsMande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%
ReligionsMuslim 90%, Christian 1%, indigenous beliefs 9%
LanguagesFrench (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages
Government typerepublic
National holidayIndependence Day, 22 September (1960)
Constitutionadopted 12 January 1992
Legal systembased on French civil law system and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
BackgroundThe Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of France in 1960 as the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, what formerly made up the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close in 1991 by a coup that ushered in democratic government. President Alpha KONARE won Mali's first democratic presidential election in 1992 and was reelected in 1997. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, KONARE stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou TOURE.
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LAST UPDATED ON 17 JUNE 2007